Which best describes the basic types of sprinkler systems in a building?

The correct choice identifies the main categories of sprinkler systems used in buildings, which are wet, dry, and deluge systems.

Wet sprinkler systems are the most commonly used type, wherein water is stored in the pipes and is immediately available when the system is activated. This makes them effective for rapid response in the event of a fire.

Dry sprinkler systems, on the other hand, are designed for environments where freezing temperatures could cause water in the pipes to freeze and become ineffective. These systems use pressurized air or gas to keep the water in a separate tank until needed, preventing the risk of freezing in colder areas.

Deluge systems are used in high-hazard areas where a large volume of water is required to quickly extinguish a fire. Unlike wet systems, a deluge system has open sprinkler heads; when activated, all heads release water at once, providing an intense volume of water to combat extensive fires.

Understanding these distinctions is crucial for effective fire safety management in buildings, as each type of system serves specific needs depending on the environment and potential fire risks present.